Hindi alphabet contains lots of sounds that follow a definite pattern. The consonants are categorized according to their pronouncing style. There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Apart from this, there is a concept of using the half sound, which is prevalent is many other languages of the world. However, the complete letter has a conjunct sound of any consonant with the vowel अ. In Microsoft Windows, Mangal font is used for writing Hindi Alphabet, which is also used for writing Sanskrit Alphabet and Marathi Alphabet.
Hindi Alphabet
Below is the list of Hindi Alphabet and some examples of English language where the same sound is used. It is noticeable here that all the sounds of Hindi Alphabet can’t be produced in English and therefore no potent example could be provided for them.
Vowels in Hindi Alphabet (हिन्दी वर्णमाला के स्वर)
अ As ‘a’ in mal
आ Stressed अ
इ As ‘I’ in ill
ई As ‘e’ in eke
उ As ‘u’ in Ubuntu
ऊ As ‘ou’ in you
ऋ As ‘rhy’ in rhythm
ॠ Conjugated sound of ‘r’ and ‘rhy’ as above
ए As ‘e’ in par se
ऐ As ‘a’ in as
ओ As ‘o’ in go
औ Stressed and long sound of ‘o’
Consonants in Hindi Alphabet ( हिन्दी वर्णमाला के व्यंजन)
क As ‘k’ in kite
ख Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘h’= ‘kh’
ग As ‘g’ in gun
घ Coupled sound of ‘g’, ‘h’= ‘gh’
ङ As ‘gn’ in gnome. Does not produce a particular sound: Just used for articulation of tongue while pronouncing the next word
च As ‘ch’ in chair
छ This sound is not available in English. The tongue touches a bit away (to the inner side) from the teeth while pronouncing ‘ch’ as in chair.
ज As ‘j’ in jug
झ This sound is not available in English. The is produced using the naval sounds while the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity.
ञ Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue. No particular sound just articulation while speaking.
ट As ‘t’ in top
ठ Hard sound of ‘t’. Not available in English.
ड As ‘d’ in dark
ढ Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’. Not available in English but as ‘dh’ in Indian musical instrument ‘dhol’.
ण Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth. In न, the tongue touches the roots of the teeth.
त Soft sound of ‘t’ as used in the name of country Bharat
थ As ‘th’ in thermo
द As ‘th’ in the
ध Not available in English. Again, naval sound produced by coupling soft ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’.
न As ‘n’ in man
प As ‘p’ in push
फ Sound of ‘f’ if pronounced with closed lips. ‘f’ of German language.
ब As ‘b’ in ban
भ Not available in English. Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’.
म As ‘m’ in mass
य As ‘y’ in yacht
र As ‘r’ in run
ल As ‘l’ in love
व As ‘v’ in vowel
श As ‘sh’ in shot
ष Sound of ‘sh’ when the tongue touches the roots of the teeth. In श, the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity.
स As ‘s’ in sound
ह As ‘h’ in has
ज्ञ Coupled sound of ‘j’ and ‘n’= ‘jn’
त्र Coupled sound of soft ‘t’ and ‘r’= ‘tr’.
क्ष Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘s’, ‘h’= ‘ksh’. A bit similar to ‘x’
श्र Coupled sound of ‘s’, ‘h’, ‘r’= ‘shr’. As ‘shr’ in shroud
Variations of consonants in Hindi Alphabet
क़ Sound of ‘k’ produced from the throat: equal to ‘q’ of English.
ख़ Sound of ‘kh’ produced from the throat. As ‘kh’ used in the name of ‘khan’.
ग़ Sound of ‘g’ produced from the throat.
ज़ As ‘z’ in zebra
ड़ Next variation of ‘d’. Not available in English and very difficult to produce for foreigners. As ‘re’ in Crore.
ढ़ Not available in English. Next variation of coupled sound of ‘dh’.
फ़ As ‘f’ in fast. As ‘v’ in German language
ळ Sound of ‘l’ when the tongue almost touches the throat.
Specials characters in Hindi Alphabet
ऑ As ‘a’ in ball
ऍ As ‘ai’ in main
Symbols used in Hindi Alphabet
ँ Sound of ‘n’ with the previous consonant along with some other symbols used for that consonant
ं Sound of ‘m’ with the previous consonant
ः Sound of ‘h’ with the previous consonant
ा Sound of stressed ‘a’ with the previous consonant
ि Sound of ‘i’ as in ill with the previous consonant
ी Sound of ‘e’ as in eke with the previous consonant
ु Sound of ‘u’ as in Ubuntu with the previous consonant
ू Sound of ‘ou’ as in you with the previous consonant
ृ Sound of ‘rhy’ as in rhythm with the previous consonant
ॄ Double sound of ‘rhy’ as in rhythm with the previous consonant
ॅ Used for transliteration. Giving the up sound to the symbol used.
े Sound of ‘ai’ as in aim with the previous consonant
ै Sound of ‘a’ as in as with the previous consonant
ॉ Sound of ‘a’ as in ball with the previous consonant
ो Sound of ‘o’ as in go with the previous consonant
ौ Stressed sound of ‘o’
् Halant. This is used to make the consonant half making it disjointed from the sound of अ.
। Symbol of ‘.’ Full stop in English.
Numeric symbols used in Hindi (0-9)
०
१
२
३
४
५
६
७
८
९
Apart from these symbols, there are two types of half-sound of ‘r’ that is used in Hindi. One after the bearing consonant and one before the bearing consonant. The symbol is not present as such in the Mangal Font but can be made by pressing the Shift+3 keys. This symbol will put the half-sound of ‘r’ in the foot of the consonant and its sound would come after the consonant. Typing र and then using the key ‘d’ to make it half and then pressing the next consonant would make the symbol of ‘r’ that is sounded before the bearing consonant. This symbol will be placed above the consonant. Hindi is one of the official languages used in India and can be used for communication through the Northern India except the Dravidian Plateau of South India. In the states of Kerela, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, and Karnataka, Hindi is not that much popular.
There is this striking similarity between Indian female names and the English female names or for that matter used in various foreign countries. The basic idea is that by adding the sound of “aa” at the end of the masculine name, a feminine name is generated. This practice is prevalent both in Hindi and English.
We will first take the example of English names:
Male Name
Female Name
Edwin
Edwina
George
Georgiana
Morgan
Morgana
Now, we take the example of Hindi names following the same pattern:
Male Name
Hindi Translation
Female Name
Hindi Translation
Shiv
शिव
Shiva
शिवा
Ram
राम
Rama
रामा
Krishn
कृष्ण
Krishna
कृष्णा
You can see by changing the last sound, the masculine name has been changed to a feminine one. I am sure this practice could be prevalent in other languages also. If you have knowledge of some of them, do share with us.
Writing in Hindi font is not easy for lots of people–they find it difficult to have a Hindi keyboard and type in the font that is visible in all the browsers of the world. Mangal font is the one that works on internet for Hindi. However, sadly, Mangal font is not that attractive to eyes when it comes to eyes. So, for printing and PDF needs, a lot of people and organizations use Kruti Dev 10 (कृतिदेव 10) font.
So, how to solve the problem when you have to use the same text for internet purposes? Will you by typing again in Mangal font or will you be using transliteration services provided by Google or Yahoo?
Luckily, there is another option available for this.
Step 2: Paste your Kruti Dev 10 content copied from PDF or any other source. Obviously, on net, this won’t be readable.
Step 3: Press convert to unicode
Step 4: You get the unicode rendering of the text and this is usable for all the internet and online purposes. So, it eliminates the need of typing Hindi again or using transliteration services.
Of course, as you can easily guess that this conversion would not be 100% correct and there would some words un-converted altogether. But still, it is a very good option.
Here is a tabular form of German to Hindi pronouns as they are used in various cases.
I hope this will help you in understanding the usage of two languages in a better way. If there is any fault, I would like to know your comments on it.
Here is a list of Hindi names of months from German. You can also know the English names of German months. We will love to hear from you if you would like to provide you feedback in making these tutorials more interesting or better.
Here is a list of German to Hindi names of directions. You can also check the English to German names of directions. If you want to provide some feedback or suggest something for better, feel free to leave your comment or contact us directly.
Here is a list of German to Hindi names of body parts. You can also check the English names of body parts. If you would like to know the Hindi name of any other body, you can contact us or leave your question in the comment section. We will reply accordingly. If you have any suggestion or feedback to make these tutorials better, feel free to let us know.
We are providing a list of German to Hindi names of fruits. You can also check the English to Hindi names of fruits. If you would like to know the Hindi name of any other fruit, you can write to us and we will reply.